Whether quoting, paraphrasing, or summarizing, you should follow some general rules about. Given a format, selfidentified topic, and research from scholarly sources, the learners will select specific ideas from source and identify the scope of the idea to best support purpose, audience and topic. Once again, it is necessary to attribute summarized ideas to the original source. Characteristics of effective paraphrases, summaries, and quotes paraphrase summary quote approximately same length as the original shorter than the original same as the original. Writers include quotations, paraphrases, and summaries in their paper because they can make their own claims and arguments stronger. When the language is striking or highly nuanced, allowing for multiple interpretations that you need to demonstrate for your. Quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing purdue writing lab. By and large yosemite has been preserved as though it were a painting. The summary is always shorter than the main text and leaves out details that arent important to the paper you are writing. Knowing when to rely on a quote, paraphrase, or summary can be tricky. Chapter three quoting, paraphrasing, and avoiding plagiarism.
A manual for writers of term papers, theses, and disserations. Karen petit when a writer uses words or ideas from other peoples books, articles, websites, speeches, or other texts, the words or ideas are conveyed to readers through the use of a quotation, a paraphrase, or a summary. Summarizing, paraphrasing, and quoting tel library. When paraphrasing a passage, it is essential to express the ideas of the author in your own original words. A summary is different from a paraphrase because it only summarizes the main idea of a source or the author of a source. To give examples of several points of view on a subject. Use signal phrases to introduce quotations, paraphrases, summaries, and visual aids. Provide support for claims or add credibility to your writing refer to work that leads up to the work you are now doing give examples of several points of view on a subject.
May 20, 2019 start with an author tag which includes the first and last name of the author and the title of the article. Quotations must appear with quotation marks, and they need to be cited with intext citations and on the reference page. Then, at this other page from purdue owl, you can find a good example of summarizing and paraphrasing, as well as what plagiarism looks like. Quote, paraphrase or summarize american university. Usually, the topic sentence and the concluding sentence in each body paragraph should be the writers own words, rather than a quotation. The moves that matter in academic writing by gerald graff, cathy birkenstein 1. Such support most often comes in the form of summaries, quotes, or paraphrases. Summaries are significantly shorter than the original and take a broad overview of the source material why use quotations, paraphrases, and summaries. As part of a summary of an article, a chapter, or a book, a writer might include paraphrases of various key points blended with quotations of striking or suggestive phrases as in the following example. Jun 16, 2009 using quotations, paraphrases and summaries in essays 1. Provide support and add credibility to your writing give examples of several points of view on a subject call attention to a position that you wish to agree or disagree with highlight a particularly striking phrase, by quoting the original.
You want to add the power of an authors words to support your argument. Remember, you need to cite both summaries and paraphrases. Check out this purdue owl page that gives an explanation of the differences between quotations, paraphrases, and summaries and when to use each. Plagiarism quotations paraphrases and summaries3 plagiarism. Quotations, paraphrases, and summaries quotations, paraphrases, and summaries serve many purposes. Read the entire text, noting the key points and main ideas. To highlight a particularly striking phrase, sentence, or passage by quoting the original. Paraphrasing, summarizing, and quoting definitions paraphrase to capture the precise meaning of a text in your own words summarize to put the main ideas of a text in your own words quote to copy the exact words from another text goals of each to understand what you are reading so that you can respond to, build on, and challenge it. Worksheet for summarizing, paraphrasing and quoting. These target phrases alert the reader that the author is about to summarize or. Donna levys help for students to succeed at the objective. Integrating sources into a paper can be challenging.
Depending on the purpose a source plays in your writing, you will offer your reader more or less information about the author, context, and specific language. Start with an author tag which includes the first and last name of the author and the title of the article. When to summarize, paraphrase, and quote the writing center. Quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing this handout is intended to help you become more comfortable with the uses of and distinctions among quotations, paraphrases, and summaries. Success center tips for avoiding plagiarism in paraphrases and summaries. Although the words in a summary are yours, the ideas are not and. Summaries are significantly shorter than the original and take a broad overview of the source material. Laurier brantford centre for student success writing handout.
Laurier brantford centre for student success writing. To avoid plagiarism, writers must acknowledge paraphrases, summaries, and direct quotations with proper citations of the source. The boundaries of the park are the gilt frame around a. A summary may be part of an essay, in which case it may constitute half of a paragraph or even an entire paragraph. Plagiarism quotations paraphrases and summaries3 free download as powerpoint presentation. There are three ways to incorporate a sources ideas into your writing. Using summaries, analysis, quotes, and paraphrases summary condense the authors ideas to a more concise and brief statement, retelling without original thoughts or interpretations include a quick description of the main points of the passage, using your own words to answer questions such as. Why use quotations paraphrases and summaries quotations paraphrases and from accounting acct553 at devry university, keller graduate school of management.
Differences in quoting, paraphrasing and summarizing quotation paraphrase summary difference difference difference matches the source word for word. Technology, plagiarism quotations paraphrases and summaries. Using quotations, paraphrases and summaries in essays 1. In this handout, well look at how to decide when to quote, paraphrase, and summarize. It is useful sometimes to use the original words of the author when those exact words carry special significance. When the authors exact language will support your ideas better than a paraphrase or summary of the information. Quotations, paraphrases, and summaries serve many purposes. Use short quotations for very specific language or phrasing example.
Quotation allows the writer to fully use the original authors words using quotation marks in order to make a point or to provide support for an idea. Effective quotes, paraphrases, and summaries using quotations effectively when should you quote. Citing paraphrases and summaries apa how should a paraphrased passage be cited. Exact same length as the source, unless you follow the rules for adding or deleting material from a quote. For example, we often share stories about humorous or dramatic things that happened to us throughout the day. In other words, a summary is more condensed and less specific than a paraphrase.
The following guidelines will help you decide when and how to use each of them in your. To quote means to use the exact wording of another person or source. In research papers, sources have to be documented with ways citations in the text of the paper and a list of references at the end. Quotation, paraphrase, summary it is crucial that you respect the work of others. Paraphrasing can also be used for notetaking and explaining information in tables, charts and diagrams. Writers frequently intertwine summaries, paraphrases, and quotations. Use correct formatting to help get your point across to audiences or readers. The way in which you provide attributions for quotations, paraphrases, and summaries will depend on which citation style you are using e. As part of a summary of an article, a chapter, or a book, a writer might include paraphrases. Generally in the sciences and social sciences, paraphrases and summaries are preferred, though a quotation of a few words is useful for borrowing particularly apt phrasing or technical language.
Sample essay for summarizing, paraphrasing, and quoting so that nobody has to go to school if they dont want to by roger sipher a decline in standardized test scores is but. As part of a summary of an article, a chapter, or a book, a writer might include paraphrases of various key points blended with. Usually, the topic sentence and the concluding sentence in each body paragraph should be the writer. It does not mention the 10% level, or the fact that students often overuse direct. A paraphrase offers an alternative to using direct quotations and allows you to integrate evidencesource material into assignments.
In a paper, if you have already told this information, then start the first sentence of the summary telling the authors last name and then conclude the summary with a parenthetical quotation using the authors last name and page, like. Quoting, summarizing, and paraphrasing flashcards quizlet. Provide support for claims or add credibility to your writing summarizing involves putting the main ideas into your own words, including only the main. This handout compares and contrasts the three terms, gives some pointers, and includes a short excerpt that you can use to practice these skills. Quotation, paraphrase, summary, and analysis the writing center. Paraphrase enables the writer to comprehend the content of a source by putting the original words into the writers own words.
In the humanities, quotations are more welcome, particularly when the actual words of the writer are important to your argument such as in philosophy. Quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing are all different ways of including the ideas of others into your assignments. Examples of summary, quotation and paraphrase owlcation. Quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing why use quotations.
For example, mla format used in the examples on this handout requires writers to place the last name of. Capturing authorial action for summaries or paraphrasing. Notice how this summary covers just one main idea the need to reduce direct quotations in notes. This is especially true when you are going to quote or paraphrase from a source. Worksheet for summarizing, paraphrasing and quoting name. Quotations, paraphrases, and summaries by kirsten fournier.
Quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing hardin county schools. Students should take just a few notes in direct quotations from sources to help minimize the amount of quoted material in a research paper lester, 4647. Check with your instructor about whether to document paraphrases and summaries in a particular essay or paper. Summary, paraphrase, quotation flashcards from jessica s. This handout is intended to help you become more comfortable with the uses of and distinctions among quotations, paraphrases, and summaries. Balance direct quotations with paraphrases and summaries. Quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing the university of texas. To provide support for claims or add credibility to your writing. Paraphrasing, summarising and quoting unsw current students.
In the humanities, writers often prefer to use quotations in their papers because both. Quoting passages allows you to share the specific words and phrases of another author, while paraphrasing and summarizing allow you to show your understanding and interpretation of a text. Quotations are the exact words of an author, copied directly from a source, word for word. Summarize in your own words what the single main idea of the essay is. The writing center when to summarize, paraphrase, and quote. Summaries are significantly shorterthan the original and take a broad overview of the source material. Decide when to quote, paraphrase, and summarize by integrating source material into your paper, you can add credibility, complexity, and support to your argument.
Summaries also rephrase a passage in ones own words, often in briefer form and retaining only the main ideas of the original. Quotations, paraphrases, and summaries in research papers quotations, paraphrases, and summaries support the ideas of the writer of the research paper. Paraphrases and summaries, like direct quotations, include signal phrases see chart on the back to introduce borrowed ideas. How to use quotations, paraphrases, and summaries practice summarizing the following essay, using paraphrases and quotations as you go. Paraphrases of brief, specific, concrete examples or summaries of longer examples are generally preferable to quotations because they show that you understand the material and are less disruptive of your own prose than a quotation. To refer to work that leads up to the work you are now doing. A 23 page summary of a text may be an assignment school or work a paragraph summary of a shorter text may also be an assignment. Direct quotations occasionally, you may use direct quotes the exact words of the author as evidence in your writing. Read the article by roger sipher below and do the exercises which follow. Using quotations, paraphrases and summaries in essays. Summaries of different lengths are useful in research writing because you often need to provide your readers with an explanation of the text you are discussing. Paraphrases rephrase a passage in ones own words but retain all, or almost all, of the original ideas, structure, etc. Quotes, paraphrases, and summaries saint paul college.
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